Changeset 829
- Timestamp:
- Oct 7, 2006, 7:59:05 PM (15 years ago)
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non-gtk/emoglen/anarchism.bg.xml (modified) (14 diffs)
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non-gtk/emoglen/anarchism.bg.xml
r827 r829 35 35 36 36 37 < ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_8/moglen/index.html#author"><!-- <img src="anarchism_files/moglen.gif" alt="Anarchism Triumphant: Free Software and the Death of Copyright" border="0">--> </ulink>37 <para><ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_8/moglen/index.html#author"><!-- <img src="anarchism_files/moglen.gif" alt="Anarchism Triumphant: Free Software and the Death of Copyright" border="0">--> </ulink></para> 38 38 39 39 <para><blockquote> <para>The spread of the Linux operating system … … 44 44 system.</para></blockquote> </para> 45 45 46 <!-- Трябва да се генерира автоматично46 <!-- Should be automatically generated 47 47 <h2>Contents</h2> 48 48 … … 485 485 enlighten.</para> 486 486 487 <section> 487 488 <title>How We Created the Microbrain Mess</title> 488 489 … … 894 895 895 896 </section> 897 </section> 896 898 <!--<para><img src="anarchism_files/quad.gif"></para><a name="m3"></a>--> 897 899 <section> 898 900 <title>III. Anarchism as a Mode of Production</title> 899 901 … … 947 949 non-propertarian theory of the digital society?</para> 948 950 949 < !-- </section> -->951 </section> 950 952 <section> 951 953 … … 988 990 it:</para> 989 991 990 <blockquote> When we speak of free software, we are referring to992 <blockquote><para>When we speak of free software, we are referring to 991 993 freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make 992 994 sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software … … 994 996 code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or 995 997 use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do 996 these things.</ blockquote>997 998 < blockquote>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that998 these things.</para> 999 1000 <para>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that 999 1001 forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the 1000 1002 rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for 1001 1003 you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify 1002 it.</ blockquote>1003 1004 < blockquote>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,1004 it.</para> 1005 1006 <para>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, 1005 1007 whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the 1006 1008 rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or 1007 1009 can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they 1008 know their rights.</ blockquote>1010 know their rights.</para> 1009 1011 1010 1012 <para>Many variants of this basic free software idea have been … … 1014 1016 in pertinent part:</para> 1015 1017 1016 < blockquote>You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any1018 <para>You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any 1017 1019 portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 1018 1020 distribute such modifications or work ..., provided that you also meet 1019 all of these conditions: </ blockquote>1020 1021 < blockquote>...</blockquote>1022 1023 < blockquote>b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish,1021 all of these conditions: </para> 1022 1023 <para>...</para> 1024 1025 <para>b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, 1024 1026 that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or 1025 1027 any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 1026 parties under the terms of this License.</ blockquote>1028 parties under the terms of this License.</para></blockquote> 1027 1029 1028 1030 <para>Section 2(b) of the GPL is sometimes called "restrictive," but … … 1043 1045 memorandum, Vinod Vallopillil, put it:</para> 1044 1046 1045 <blockquote> The GPL and its aversion to code forking reassures1047 <blockquote><para>The GPL and its aversion to code forking reassures 1046 1048 customers that they aren't riding an evolutionary `dead-end' by 1047 subscribing to a particular commercial version of Linux.</ blockquote>1048 1049 < blockquote>The "evolutionary dead-end" is the core of the software1049 subscribing to a particular commercial version of Linux.</para> 1050 1051 <para>The "evolutionary dead-end" is the core of the software 1050 1052 FUD argument <footnote> <para>25. <ulink 1051 1053 url="http://www.opensource.org/halloween/halloween1.html">V. Vallopillil, 1052 1054 Open Source Software: A (New?) Development Methodology.</ulink></para> 1053 </footnote> .</ blockquote>1055 </footnote> .</para></blockquote> 1054 1056 1055 1057 <para>Translated out of Microspeak, this means that the strategy by … … 1197 1199 Microsoft Writing Style:</para> 1198 1200 1199 <blockquote> A small number of Web sites and FAQs later, I found an FTP1201 <blockquote><para>A small number of Web sites and FAQs later, I found an FTP 1200 1202 site with a Linux DHCP client. The DHCP client was developed by an 1201 1203 engineer employed by Fore Systems (as evidenced by his e-mail address; … … 1203 1205 second set of documentation/manuals was written for the DHCP client by 1204 1206 a hacker in <emphasis>Hungary</emphasis> which provided relatively simple 1205 instructions on how to install/load the client.</ blockquote>1206 1207 < blockquote>I downloaded & uncompressed the client and typed two1208 simple commands:</ blockquote>1209 1210 < blockquote>Make - compiles the client binaries</blockquote>1211 1212 < blockquote>Make Install -installed the binaries as a Linux Daemon</blockquote>1213 1214 < blockquote>Typing "DHCPCD" (for DHCP Client Daemon) on the command1207 instructions on how to install/load the client.</para> 1208 1209 <para>I downloaded & uncompressed the client and typed two 1210 simple commands:</para> 1211 1212 <para>Make - compiles the client binaries</para> 1213 1214 <para>Make Install -installed the binaries as a Linux Daemon</para> 1215 1216 <para>Typing "DHCPCD" (for DHCP Client Daemon) on the command 1215 1217 line triggered the DHCP discovery process and voila, I had IP 1216 networking running. </ blockquote>1217 1218 < blockquote>Since I had just downloaded the DHCP client code, on an1218 networking running. </para> 1219 1220 <para>Since I had just downloaded the DHCP client code, on an 1219 1221 impulse I played around a bit. Although the client wasn't as 1220 1222 extensible as the DHCP client we are shipping in NT5 (for example, it 1221 1223 won't query for arbitrary options & store results), it was obvious 1222 1224 how I could write the additional code to implement this functionality. 1223 The full client consisted of about 2,600 lines of code.</ blockquote>1224 1225 < blockquote>One example of esoteric, extended functionality that was1225 The full client consisted of about 2,600 lines of code.</para> 1226 1227 <para>One example of esoteric, extended functionality that was 1226 1228 clearly patched in by a third party was a set of routines to that 1227 1229 would pad the DHCP request with host-specific strings required by 1228 Cable Modem / ADSL sites.</ blockquote>1229 1230 < blockquote>A few other steps were required to configure the DHCP1230 Cable Modem / ADSL sites.</para> 1231 1232 <para>A few other steps were required to configure the DHCP 1231 1233 client to auto-start and auto-configure my Ethernet interface on boot 1232 1234 but these were documented in the client code and in the DHCP 1233 documentation from the Hungarian developer.</ blockquote>1234 1235 < blockquote>I'm a poorly skilled UNIX programmer but it was1235 documentation from the Hungarian developer.</para> 1236 1237 <para>I'm a poorly skilled UNIX programmer but it was 1236 1238 immediately obvious to me how to incrementally extend the DHCP client 1237 code (the feeling was exhilarating and addictive).</ blockquote>1238 1239 < blockquote>Additionally, due directly to GPL + having the full1240 development environment in front of me, I was in a position where I 1241 could write up my changes and e-mail them out within a couple of hours 1242 (in contrast to how things like this would get done in NT). Engaging 1243 in that process would have prepared me for a larger, more ambitious 1244 Linux project in the future <footnote><para>29. Vinod Vallopillil, 1245 <ulink url="http://www.opensource.org/halloween/halloween2.html">Linux 1246 OSCompetitive Analysis (Halloween II).</ulink> Note Vallopillil's1239 code (the feeling was exhilarating and addictive).</para> 1240 1241 <para>Additionally, due directly to GPL + having the full development 1242 environment in front of me, I was in a position where I could write up 1243 my changes and e-mail them out within a couple of hours (in contrast 1244 to how things like this would get done in NT). Engaging in that 1245 process would have prepared me for a larger, more ambitious Linux 1246 project in the future <footnote><para>29. Vinod Vallopillil, <ulink 1247 url="http://www.opensource.org/halloween/halloween2.html">Linux OS 1248 Competitive Analysis (Halloween II).</ulink> Note Vallopillil's 1247 1249 surprise that a program written in California had been subsequently 1248 documented by a programmer in Hungary.</para> </footnote>1249 .</blockquote>1250 documented by a programmer in Hungary.</para> 1251 </footnote>.</para></blockquote> 1250 1252 1251 1253 <para>"The feeling was exhilarating and addictive." Stop the presses: … … 1323 1325 1324 1326 <para> 1325 What happened to music is also happening to news. The wire services, as 1326 any U.S. law student learns even before taking the near-obligatory 1327 course in Copyright for Droids, have a protectible property interest in 1328 their expression of the news, even if not in the facts the news reports 1329 1330 1331 <para>31. International News Service v. Associated 1332 Press, 248 1333 U.S. 215 (1918). With regard to the actual terse, purely functional 1334 expressions of breaking news actually at stake in the jostling among 1335 wire services, this was always a distinction only a droid could love.</para> 1336 1337 1338 . 1339 So why are they now giving all their output away? Because in the world 1340 of the Net, most news is commodity news. And the original 1341 advantage of the news gatherers, that they were internally connected in 1342 ways others were not when communications were expensive, is gone. Now 1343 what matters is collecting eyeballs to deliver to advertisers. It isn't 1344 the wire services that have the advantage in covering Kosovo, that's 1345 for sure. Much less those paragons of "intellectual" property, their 1346 television lordships. They, with their overpaid pretty people and their 1347 massive technical infrastructure, are about the only organizations in 1348 the world that can't afford to be everywhere all the time. And then 1349 they have to limit themselves to ninety seconds a story, or the eyeball 1327 What happened to music is also happening to news. The wire services, 1328 as any U.S. law student learns even before taking the near-obligatory 1329 course in Copyright for Droids, have a protectible property interest 1330 in their expression of the news, even if not in the facts the news 1331 reports <footnote><para>31. International News Service v. Associated 1332 Press, 248 U.S. 215 (1918). With regard to the actual terse, purely 1333 functional expressions of breaking news actually at stake in the 1334 jostling among wire services, this was always a distinction only a 1335 droid could love.</para></footnote>. So why are they now giving all 1336 their output away? Because in the world of the Net, most news is 1337 commodity news. And the original advantage of the news gatherers, that 1338 they were internally connected in ways others were not when 1339 communications were expensive, is gone. Now what matters is collecting 1340 eyeballs to deliver to advertisers. It isn't the wire services that 1341 have the advantage in covering Kosovo, that's for sure. Much less 1342 those paragons of "intellectual" property, their television 1343 lordships. They, with their overpaid pretty people and their massive 1344 technical infrastructure, are about the only organizations in the 1345 world that can't afford to be everywhere all the time. And then they 1346 have to limit themselves to ninety seconds a story, or the eyeball 1350 1347 hunters will go somewhere else. So who makes better news, the 1351 propertarians or the anarchists? We shall soon see.</para>1348 propertarians or the anarchists? We shall soon see.</para> 1352 1349 1353 1350 <para>Oscar Wilde says somewhere that the problem with socialism is … … 1403 1400 E-mail: <ulink url="mailto:moglen@columbia.edu">Mail: moglen@columbia.edu</ulink></para> 1404 1401 1405 < title>Acknowledgments</title>1402 <para>Acknowledgments</para> 1406 1403 1407 1404 <para>This paper was prepared for delivery at the Buchmann … … 1414 1411 1415 1412 <blockquote> 1416 1417 <ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_8/index.html"><!--<img src="anarchism_files/contents.gif" alt="Contents" align="bottom" border="0">--></ulink> 1418 1413 <para> 1414 <ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_8/index.html"><!--<img src="anarchism_files/contents.gif" alt="Contents" align="bottom" border="0">--></ulink> </para> 1415 <para> 1419 1416 <ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/issues/index.html"><!--<img src="anarchism_files/index.gif" alt="Index" border="0">--></ulink> 1420 1417 </para> 1421 1418 <para>Copyright <ulink url="http://firstmonday.org/copy.html">©</ulink> 1999, First Monday</para></blockquote> 1422 1419
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